THE GRAVITATIONAL WAVES

GRAVITATIONAL WAVES

THE CURVATURE OF SPACE-TIME

When an object moves, the curvature of Space-Time Fabric bends or it changes, these changes makes ripples and visible us as Gravitational Waves. What are Gravitational Waves? Where does it forms? Why Scientists spends Millions to research them? Let's see about it.

GRAVITY:

Before we learn about Gravitational Waves, We want to know more about Gravity. According to the GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY, Gravity is not a Force, It is a Curvature of Space-Time Fabric. What is Space-Time? In this Universe, We all see the Objects in the 3-D. The 3=dimensions are X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. If we add another dimension to it, it becomes 4-D. The 4th dimension is Time. Adding time to the 3-d it becomes 4-d. All objects in the Universe creates Curvature in Space-Time. This Curvature of Space-Time is called as Gravity. The Curvature depends upon the mass of the Object. Example, In our Solar System, Sun has more Curvature of Space-Time and Gravity. Because, Sun is around 99% mass of the Entire Solar System.

GRAVITATIONAL WAVES:

If you step down into a lake Water, The water is so silent until you move. If you move, the water forms ripples. Like that Every moving object in the Universe that curves the Space-Time creates Gravitational Waves. But, this Gravitational Waves are only predictions in the General Theory of Relativity. No one can prove that. But In 14th September, 2015, LIGO, an Observatory, Proved the presence of Gravitational Waves. How they found the Gravitational Waves? 

Two pipes are fixed, Both of them are Perpendicular to each other. The length of them is 4kms. The end of the pipes Mirrors are fixed. A Laser Beam is passed through the Beam Reflector. The mirror reflects the laser beam. The passing laser beam is a wave and the reflecting wave is opposite to it. This leads to the cancelling of opposite waves and no light will visible at the Beam Reflector. This Cancelling of Light is called as DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERNCE. If a Gravitational Wave passes among us, it creates a Ripple of Waves. This leads to the Contraction and Stretching of Earth in Vertical and Horizontal respectively. This phenomenon is very negligible. Even a sensitive Laser Beam can not identify the Laser Beam. But we can find the Gravitational Waves of mass objects. In this Universe , the most mass objects are Black Holes and it has more density too. The collision of two Black Holes makes the bigger Gravitational Waves. This wave reached our Earth now which is after 1.3 Billion years. In the normal conditions there is no change in the Beam Detector. But in 14th September, 2015, The Gravitational Waves of Black Hole interfere at the Beam Detector and creates a change in the Wave Length of the Laser Beam. What was the accuracy of it? The accuracy of the Laser Beam is 1/1000th of a Proton. This accurate Laser Beam found the Gravitational Waves. The values of this are perfectly matched to the Super-Computered General Theory of Relativity. LIGO, also found the Gravitational Waves of the collision of Neutron Stars. This is tougher than the Black Holes. Because, While the collision of a Black Hole No light is reflected. But, the collision of Black Hole creates Light Waves, Electro-Magnetic Waves and Gravitational Waves. They found that also with the help of NASA. 

IMPORTANCE OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES:

Because, It does not affected by any obstacles. But light and other waves are stopped by the objects. The ripples in the Space-Time Fabric is the Gravitational Waves. In any part of the Universe, An object creates a Gravitational Wave it will reach us. So, these Laboratories are important to us.