THE SPACE DISTANCE

 

 SPACE DISTANCE

PART-3.

We all know that, Sun is at a distance of 1 Astronomical Units from our Earth. If you convert it into Light Minutes, We get 8.3 Light minutes. We see Sun that is 8.3 Minutes before. Our Nearest Star, Proximal Centauri is at a distance of 4.2 Light Years from Earth. We see Proximal Centauri which is 4.2 Years before. These are Right. But, The farthest Galaxy, GNZ11 is at a distance of 32 Billion Light Years from us. The Galaxy we see is 32 Billion Years before. This is completely False. Because, Our Universe is originated from only 13.8 Billion Years ago. How this Galaxy is at that far distance? What is the reason behind it? Let's see about it. 

THE EXPANDING UNIVERSE:

We know about the Hubble's Constant, It is in Part-1. Let's consider three Galaxies. Each of them is 1MPC from each other.

The first Galaxy is 1MPC from Earth. The first Galaxy expands 70km/sec from us. The second Galaxy expands 140km/sec from us and The Third Galaxy expands 210km/sec from us. Here we learn, Each and every Object that present at a distance of 1MPC expands 70km/sec from us. Now, You thought that The Galaxy is expanding. But, The truth is Universe is expanding. If the Universe expands, The Galaxies present in it also expands. What is the proof of Universe is Expanding? How can we find the Space is expanding? We know that the mixture of all colors is White Color. This is also called Visible Light. We can see Waves that ranging from 380nm-740nm. According to the Absorption Spectrum, Each and every Element has its own image in the Prism.

Let's see about PGC42871 Galaxy. We can able to see it only by telescope. The Light comes from that Galaxy is applied to Spectrometer, This image is seen.

We take the Absorption Spectrum image from the Galaxy and comparing it to the Absorption Spectrum image from the Hydrogen, Both of them almost matches. But, a Slight difference is visible that is the Waves are slightly Red-Shifted. This Shifting of Waves is called as Cosmological Red-Shift. Hence, We can get the Proof of Universe is Expanding. 

DISTANCE BY RED-SHIFT:

Now, we calculate the distance of that Galaxy. The Wavelength of the Light from the Galaxy is 669.42nm. The Wavelength from the sample is 656.3nm. The Red-Shift is stretching the waves from its position. The formula is Z=(λ˳-λe)/λe. We apply the values and the answer we get is z=0.02. The value is said by, The Light from the Galaxy is stretched 2% when it reached the Earth. To calculate the distance, Let's take this formula, Z=V/C, V=H˳D. We know the values of Z, H˳ and C.

After applying, we can get the distance of the Galaxy that is approximately 270 Million Light Years. The Universe is originated from 13.8 Billion Years ago. The farthest Galaxy is 32 Billion Light Years away from us. So, How that GNZ11 Galaxy goes to that distance? After 400 Million Years from the Big-Bang that Galaxy dent us Light Waves. That Light Wave reach Our Earth now only. We can say that this Galaxy Which we seen is 13.4 Billion Years before. We can calculate the Galaxy's distance by Red-Shift. But, It is a Length and Difficult to explain Here. 

THE CONCLUSION:

We can calculate the distance of object that present within few Million Light Years. If you need to find the distance of objects which is Billion Light Years, You need two things. One is Density of the Matter and another one is Density of the Dark Energy. The distance of Betelgeuse Star is 640 Light Years from us. We see that Star which is 640 Years before. Because, in smaller distance the stretching of Light waves is Minimum. Here, This Topic is completed.